Annuity
Every month you pay the same total. Interest is charged on whatever is still outstanding, and the rest of the payment reduces the balance. Early on, most of the payment is interest; later, most of it is principal. The payment itself comes from the standard annuity formula, solving for the amount that brings the balance to zero in exactly the term you set.
Linear
You repay the same slice of principal every month — the loan amount divided by the term — and pay interest on the balance on top. The first payment is the largest and every payment after it is smaller. You pay less interest overall than with an annuity, but the early months cost more.
Effective versus nominal rates
The same headline percentage can mean two different monthly rates, and the difference is real money. An effective annual rate compounds: the monthly rate is the twelfth root of the year, so 6.9% becomes about 0.5576% a month. A nominal rate is simply divided by twelve, giving 0.575%. EU consumer credit has to be advertised as an effective rate, which is why that is the default here. Mortgages are usually quoted nominally. Check your loan agreement — it says which one applies.
Extra payments
An extra amount is added to each month's payment and goes entirely against the principal. Because interest is charged on a smaller balance from the next month onwards, the saving compounds. The comparison figures above are this schedule measured against the identical loan with no extra payment.
What this calculator does not model
Arrangement fees, insurance bundled into the payment, early-repayment penalties, variable rates and payment holidays are all left out. A balloon or residual payment at the end is left out too — the CroSum app handles residuals, this page does not. Daily interest accrual is not modelled here either; the calculation assumes monthly periods.